- Delayed dark adaptation of the cornea clear indicates early vitamin A deficiency.
- Dry and scaly appearance of the cells of the cornea and its degeneration may get manifested through symptoms like corneal ulcers, keratomalacia, and permanent corneal scars.
- The prevalence of Bitot’s spots become evident on the Keratinised conjunctiva at an early stage of the medical medication.
Medical tests: Your doctor is likely to recommend a diagnostic test to check for the prevalence of retinol deficiency. Normal values range from 20 to 60 micrograms per decilitre (mcg/dL). The normal values may vary slightly depending on the laboratory.
Treatment
Available xerophthalmia treatment options are:
Topical retinoic acid: Application of a topical ointment containing retinoic acid three times a day is often considered to be one of the most effective treatments for healing corneal lesions.
Vitamin A supplements: A systemic therapy comprising vitamin A supplements like a single prophylactic oral dose of retinyl palmitate may be prescribed by your doctor.
Intramuscular injection: Injections containing water-miscible retinyl palmitate might be prescribed, although it may cause side effects like vomiting.
Topical artificial tears: This may help in keeping the eyes lubricated, thus, preventing dryness.
Wrap around glasses: This prevents air from coming in contact with the cornea, preventing it from drying up.
Air humidifier: Air humidifier keeps the cornea moist, again preventing dryness.
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